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Sunday, February 26, 2017

The true scientific heritage of INDIA

   THE TRUE SCIENTIFIC HERITAGE OF INDIA







Science is grounded on the principle of reproducibility of results. The claims of advanced science and technology in the ancient world are based on some references in ancient scripts that may be wholly imaginary. Flying, for instance, has caught humankind’s imagination across cultures right from ancient times. Such references should be taken for the myths they are, not as scientific facts. Scientists have been able to create animal chimeras that have cells/organs of different species, much as what Greek mythology describes. Should the Greeks then be taken as pioneers in the science of chimera production? Thanks to our understanding of genetics and the ability to fertilise eggs outside the body, producing designer babies is no longer in the realm of science fiction. Should the creators of the science fiction then be credited with devising the procedures? Compare this with how Sir Arthur C. Clarke documented his idea of communications satellites in a concept paper published in 1945. Dozens of geosynchronous satellites launched each year do precisely what Sir Arthur had visualised there.




The knowledge we have gained from the study of ancient cultures—beginning with the Babylonian or the Assyrian, the Egyptian, the Greek, the Roman, the Chinese, the Indian, and the later offshoots of these major organisations of human behaviour—gives some insight into human nature.


We generally say that so-and-so is a cultured person. Though at that time we may not be actually defining 'culture' in an academic manner, we have in our mind some idea as to what culture is. We associate goodness, politeness, humility, servicefulness, and a capacity to understand and feel the circumstances and the position of other people when we conceive of the structure or character of culture.


Though at that time we may not be actually defining 'culture' in an academic manner, we have in our mind some idea as to what culture is. We associate goodness, politeness, humility, servicefulness, and a capacity to understand and feel the circumstances and the position of other people when we conceive of the structure or character of culture. Great historians such as H. G. Wells, who has written an outline of the history of the world, and those who have made studies in this line such as Arnold Toynbee, have covered an area which may be said to constitute every minute detail of psychological conduct.


The Persian language requires the pronunciation of ‘S’ as ‘H’, so ‘Sindhu’ was regarded as the name of the country, and the people and their culture ‘Hindu’. Thus ‘S’ becoming ‘H’, ‘Sindhu’ becomes ‘Hindu’; and in Greek ‘H’ becomes ‘I’, ‘Hindu’ becomes ‘Ind’, and ‘Ind’ has become ‘India’ and ‘Indians’; and ‘Hindu’ still persists.


Our ancient knowledge in production and processing of medicines was no way lower than any modern system, even though electronic control systems were not there.
Variety of observations still stand as the proof of the ancient knowledge. The Delhi Iron Pillar, Dhar Iron Pillar, ancient bronze and brass vessels, ancient knowledge in tin and lead metallurgy. Textiles industry, granite carving for civil engineering marvels which can be seen in Chola Chera Pandya, Pallava, Hoisala, Kakatheeya dynasty based constructions in South India and similar level in North India. Thus the civil engineering marvel can be seen in variety of temples, in Kumbhakonam, Chidnambaram, Tiruchenthur, Suchendram and so on


1..SUSHRUTA

The Sushruta Samhita (सुश्रुतसंहिता, IASTSuśrutasaṃhitā, literally "Suśruta's Compendium") is an ancient Sanskrit text on medicine and surgery, and one of the most important such treatises on this subject to survive from the ancient world. The Compendium of Suśruta is one of the foundational texts of Ayurveda(Indian traditional medicine), alongside the Caraka-Saṃhitāthe Bheḷa-Saṃhitā, and the medical portions of the Bower Manuscript. It is one of the two foundational Hindu texts on medical profession that have survived from ancient India.






2..MAHABHATATA

A dynastic struggle occurs for the throne of Hastinapur, the kingdom governed by the Kuru clan, between the Kauravas and Pandavas, collateral branches of the clan, which causes the Kurukshetra War.





3..VEDA VYASA

The Life and Works of Vyasa
At a very tender age Vyasa revealed to his parents the purpose of his life — that he should go to the forest and practice ‘Akhanda Tapas’ or continuous penance. At first, his mother did not agree but later approved on one important condition that he should appear before her whenever she wished for his presence. According to the Puranas, Vyasa took initiation from his guru sage Vasudeva. He studied the Shastras or scriptures under the sages Sanaka and Sanandana and others. He arranged the Vedas for the good of mankind and wrote the Brahma Sutras for the quick and easy understanding of the Shrutis; he also wrote the Mahabharata to enable common people to understand the highest knowledge in the easiest way. Vyasa wrote the 18 Puranas and established the system of teaching them through ‘Upakhyanas’ or discourses. In this way, he established the three paths of Karma, Upasana (devotion) and Jnana (knowledge). Vyasa’s last work was the Bhagavatam which he undertook at the instigation of Devarshi Narada, the celestial sage, who once came to him and advised him to write it, without which, his goal in life would not be reached.



4..THE MYTHOLOGY AND SCIENCE

The 102nd Indian Science Congress being held in Mumbai will be remembered for a very long time to come, but for all the wrong reasons. For the first time, the science congress had a session on “Ancient Sciences through Sanskrit”. If the Indian Science Congress had long lost its eminence as a forum where results of serious science being done in the country are presented and discussed in most sessions, the inclusion of Ancient Sciences through Sanskrit has only lowered its standing further. Even as a public session, there is no real reason whatsoever for it to have been included in the proceedings. At best, a session could have been devoted to the history of Indian science which has real and substantial achievements to celebrate, with serious scholars working on the subject presenting papers. With Prime Minister Narendra Modi setting the tone for this antiquity frenzy with his implausible claims that cosmetic surgery was practised thousands of years ago and in-vitro fertilisation-like procedure was resorted to long back, and different political leaders following it up with several other incredulous claims well before the start of the national event, the reason for the inclusion of the session becomes supremely clear. Instead of fostering scientific temper, the congress has provided a forum to seed the minds of young people with pseudoscience. Some of the papers presented were about Indians’ “knowledge of making aeroplanes” that could undertake interplanetary travel, between 7000 and 6000 BC, and “radars” that worked on the principle of detecting energy given out by animate and inanimate objects and finding out if a body was dead or alive.




VIDEO----1--INDIA- LAND OF RICH CULTURE



VIDEO----2--World Heritage Sites of India



VIDEO----3 Great Indian Mathematician - Bhaskaracharya--Leelavathi--



VIDEO----4--Aryabhatta 12 Inventions - the ancient Indian mathematician, astronomer (hindi) आर्यभट की खोजें



VIDEO----5--Ramayan really happened - Anti Hindus will be shocked.










Friday, February 17, 2017

Wonderful engineering-explained with animations.



      MEANING OF TECHNOLOGY AND ITS USE

Related Terms

The purposeful application of information in the design, production, and utilization of goods and services, and in the organization of human activities.
Technology can be described in the following ways:


Tangible: blueprints, models, operating manuals, prototypes.

Intangible: consultancy, problem-solving, and training methods.

High: entirely or almost entirely automated and intelligent technology that manipulates ever finer matter and ever powerful forces.

Intermediate: semiautomated partially intelligent technology that manipulates refined matter and medium level forces.

Low: labor-intensive technology that manipulates only coarse or gross matter and weaker forces.


 1.Hydroelectricity or hydroelectric power is the electricity obtained by harnessing the power of water flowing down from a high level. It is a timeless and renewable resource. Huge generators convert the potential energy of falling or fast moving water into electrical energy.





2.Steering is the collection of components, linkages, etc. which allows any vehicle (carmotorcyclebicycle) to follow the desired course. An exception is the case of rail transport by which rail tracks combined together with railroad switches (and also known as 'points' in British English) provide the steering function. The primary purpose of the steering system is to allow the driver to guide the vehicle.





3. sewing machine is a machine used to stitch fabric and other materials together with thread. Sewing machines were invented during the first Industrial Revolution to decrease the amount of manual sewing work performed in clothing companies. Since the invention of the first working sewing machine, generally considered to have been the work of Englishman Thomas Saint in 1790,[1] the sewing machine has greatly improved the efficiency and productivity of the clothing industry.
Home sewing machines are designed for one person to sew individual items while using a single stitch type. In a modern sewing machine the fabric easily glides in and out of the machine without the inconvenience of needles and thimbles and other such tools used in hand sewing, automating the process of stitching and saving time.

4.The heart is a muscular organ in humans and other animals, which pumps blood through the blood vessels of thecirculatory system. Blood provides the body with oxygen and nutrients, as well as assists in the removal of metabolic wastes. In humans, the heart is located between the lungs, in the middle compartment of the chest.





5.The frequency of a sine wave is the number of complete cycles that happen every second. (A cycle is the same as the period, see below.) In the bouncing weight above, the frequency is about one cycle per second.




6.Flow of electric charge....It can also be carried by ions in an electrolyte, or by both ions and electrons such as in a plasma. The SI unit for measuring anelectric current is the ampere, which is the flow of electriccharge across a surface at the rate of one coulomb per second.Electric current is measured using a device called an ammeter.





8.sewing machine is a machine used to stitch fabric and other materials together with thread. Sewing machines were invented during the first Industrial Revolution to decrease the amount of manual sewing work performed in clothing companies. Since the invention of the first working sewing machine, generally considered to have been the work of Englishman Thomas Saint in 1790, the sewing machine has greatly improved the efficiency and productivity of the clothing industry.
Home sewing machines are designed for one person to sew individual items while using a single stitch type. In a modern sewing machine the fabric easily glides in and out of the machine without the inconvenience of needles and thimbles and other such tools used in hand sewing, automating the process of stitching and saving time.







9.A current of electricity is a steady flow of electrons. When electrons move from one place to another, round a circuit, they carry electrical energy from place to place like marching ants carrying leaves. Instead of carrying leaves, electrons carry a tiny amount of electric charge.





10.An electrical bus bar is defined as a conductor or a group of conductor used for collecting  electrical energy from the incoming feeders and distributes them to the outgoing feeders. In other words, it is a type of electrical junction in which all the incoming and outgoing electrical current meets. Thus, the electrical bus bar collects the electrical energy at one location. When the fault occurs in any section of the bus bar, all the circuit equipment connected to that section must be tripped to give complete isolation in the shortest possible time.
The bus-bars used in electrical substations usually have rectangular cross section bars, but they can be in another shape also, as round tubes, solid round bars, or shape tubes. The bus-bar are usually made up of aluminum.  Aluminum have several advantages over copper such as higher conductivity, lower cost, excellent corrosion resistance, etc.



11.A fluorescent lamp or a fluorescent tube is a low pressure mercury-vapor gas-discharge lamp that uses fluorescence to produce visible light. An electric current in the gas excites mercury vapor which produces short-wave ultraviolet light that then causes a phosphor coating on the inside of the lamp to glow.




12.Aircraft engines are built to very different criteria to those in automobiles. As you cannot pull over to the side of the sky in the event of breakdown, reliability has been the first and foremost priority. These designs have been around for decades, and just about every possible bug has been designed out. They are also designed to give maximum power output continuously for 2000 hours. If you tried that with an automobile engine, it would be in the scrap yard very fast indeed! As a student pilot, you will be expected to understand the basic principles of operation, and you will be taught how to check oil levels and check for integrity of the alternator belt.





13.A V-shaped engine with eight cylinders = V8 — four in each cylinder bank. The combustion chamber in an engine is where the magic happens. It's where fuel, air, pressure, and electricity come together to create the small explosion that moves the car's pistons up and down, thus creating the power to move the vehicle.





  1. 14.The frequency of a sine wave is the number of complete cycles that happen every second. (A cycle is the same as the period, see below.) In the bouncing weight above, the frequency is about one cycle per second.







15.Our solar system consists of an average star we call the Sun, the planets Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, and Pluto. It includes: the satellites of the planets; numerous comets, asteroids, and meteoroids; and the interplanetary medium.







16.sine wave or sinusoid is a mathematical curve that describes a smooth repetitive oscillation. It is named after the function sine, of which it is the graph. It occurs often in pure and appliedmathematics, as well as physics, engineering, signal processing and many other fields. Its most basic form as a function of time (t) is:
where:
  • A = the amplitude, the peak deviation of the function from zero.
  • f = the ordinary frequency, the number of oscillations (cycles) that occur each second of time.
  • ω = 2πf, the angular frequency, the rate of change of the function argument in units ofradians per second
  •  = the phase, specifies (in radians) where in its cycle the oscillation is at t = 0.
    • When  is non-zero, the entire waveform appears to be shifted in time by the amount /ω seconds. A negative value represents a delay, and a positive value represents an advance.

The sine wave is important in physics because it retains its wave shape when added to another sine wave of the same frequency and arbitrary phase and magnitude. It is the only periodic waveform that has this property. This property leads to its importance in Fourier analysis and makes it acoustically unique.